Beam Spread (Beam Divergence)

The angular dispersion of an ultrasonic beam as it travels away from the transducer. Near-field ultrasonic waves travel in a relatively focused beam, but in the far-field, the beam spreads. Beam spread is related to the frequency and transducer diameter. Wider beam spread can cause defects to be detected from the sides of the beam path. Understanding beam spread geometry is important for flaw location accuracy and avoiding false indications.

Physical Foundation

Understanding beam spread (beam divergence) is fundamental to effectively applying NDT methods. Many NDT techniques rely directly on these physical principles.

Practical Impact on Inspections

This principle affects equipment selection, test parameters, inspection procedures, and data interpretation. Proper application requires understanding these physics fundamentals.

Best Practices

• Always follow applicable NDT standards and procedures
• Use properly calibrated and maintained equipment
• Ensure personnel are properly trained and certified
• Document inspection procedures and results completely
• Keep current with industry standards and best practices